Author: marisa

Have you noticed your dog taking a little longer to get up, hesitating before jumping into the car or slowing down on walks?

It is easy to assume these changes are simply part of getting older. However, they may be signs of osteoarthritis, a common joint condition that can affect a dog’s comfort, movement and quality of life.

The good news is that there are ways to help dogs with osteoarthritis remain comfortable and enjoy their everyday activities. Understanding the condition and recognising the early signs can help you make informed decisions about your dog’s care.

At LMentz of Pulse, I work with dogs and horses using PEMF therapy as a complementary approach to animal comfort and wellbeing. In this blog, we’ll explore osteoarthritis in dogs, how it is managed and where complementary therapies may fit into a broader care plan.

What is osteoarthritis in dogs?

Osteoarthritis is a progressive joint disease involving changes to the cartilage, underlying bone and other structures within a joint. Healthy cartilage helps joint surfaces move smoothly. With osteoarthritis, cartilage becomes damaged and the joint may develop inflammation, bone changes and reduced flexibility.

These changes can contribute to pain and stiffness, making everyday activities more difficult.

Osteoarthritis can affect different joints, including:

• Hips
• Knees
• Elbows
• Shoulders
• Wrists
• Spinal joints

Although osteoarthritis is more common in older dogs, younger dogs can also develop it, particularly if they have joint abnormalities, previous injuries or certain developmental conditions.

Osteoarthritis is not simply an unavoidable part of ageing. If your dog is showing changes in mobility, a veterinary assessment can help identify the cause and determine what support may be appropriate.

What causes osteoarthritis?

There is not always one single cause. Several factors can contribute to its development.

1. Ageing

Over time, the structures within a dog’s joints can undergo wear and degenerative changes. This is one reason osteoarthritis is frequently diagnosed in older dogs.

2. Joint abnormalities

Conditions such as hip dysplasia and elbow dysplasia can cause abnormal joint mechanics. These changes may contribute to osteoarthritis over time.

3. Previous injuries

Joint injuries, ligament damage and fractures involving a joint can increase the risk of developing osteoarthritis later.

4. Excess body weight

Carrying extra weight places additional demands on joints and can make mobility more difficult. Maintaining a healthy body condition is an important part of managing joint disease.

5. Breed and body structure

Some dogs have a greater predisposition to joint problems due to inherited characteristics or their physical structure. However, any dog can develop osteoarthritis.

Signs and symptoms to look for

Dogs do not always show obvious signs of discomfort. Some gradually change their behaviour and activity levels, making the early signs easy to miss.

Common signs of osteoarthritis include:

• Stiffness after resting: Your dog may take a little while to move comfortably after sleeping.
• Difficulty getting up: Standing from a lying or sitting position may become harder.
• Reduced interest in walks: Your dog may walk more slowly, tire sooner or ask to return home.
• Reluctance to jump: Jumping onto furniture or into the car may become less appealing.
• Avoiding stairs: Your dog may hesitate or need assistance with steps.
• Limping: Lameness may be more noticeable after activity or following a period of rest.
• Behaviour changes: Your dog may become less tolerant of handling, withdraw from play or seem irritable.
• Changes in posture or gait: Your dog may shift weight away from a sore joint or move differently to compensate.

These signs can also occur with other conditions, including spinal disease, muscle injuries and ligament damage. A veterinarian can help determine what is causing the changes.

If your dog suddenly cannot stand or walk, develops severe pain or experiences sudden weakness, seek urgent veterinary attention rather than assuming it is osteoarthritis.

How is osteoarthritis diagnosed?

Your veterinarian will usually begin by discussing your dog’s history, activity levels and changes in behaviour or mobility.

An examination may include assessing joint movement, muscle condition, gait and areas of discomfort. X-rays may be recommended to identify joint changes or investigate other possible causes.

The degree of change visible on an X-ray does not always match how much discomfort a dog experiences. Treatment decisions should take into account your dog’s symptoms, examination findings and everyday function.

How can osteoarthritis be managed?

Although the structural changes associated with osteoarthritis generally cannot be reversed, many dogs can benefit from a management plan aimed at reducing discomfort and maintaining mobility.

1. Veterinary-prescribed pain relief

Your veterinarian may recommend medication to help manage pain and inflammation. The choice depends on your dog’s health, other medications and individual needs.

Never give human pain medication to your dog unless specifically directed by a veterinarian, as some medicines can be dangerous or even fatal to dogs.

2. Maintaining a healthy weight

Weight management can be particularly important for dogs with joint disease. Reducing excess weight can lessen the demands placed on affected joints and may make everyday movement easier.

Your veterinarian can help establish an appropriate target weight and feeding plan.

3. Appropriate exercise

Regular, controlled exercise can help maintain muscle strength and general fitness. For some dogs, shorter and more frequent walks may be more comfortable than occasional long walks.

Avoid suddenly increasing activity or encouraging your dog to continue when it appears painful. Your veterinarian can advise on the most suitable exercise routine.

4. Physiotherapy and rehabilitation

A qualified canine rehabilitation professional may recommend exercises designed to improve strength, balance and functional movement.

The programme should be tailored to your dog’s condition and adjusted as needed.

5. Making your home more comfortable

Simple changes can make a meaningful difference to daily life:

• Place non-slip mats on slippery floors.
• Provide supportive, comfortable bedding.
• Use a suitable ramp to help with car access.
• Reduce the need to jump on and off furniture.
• Keep food and water in easy-to-reach locations.
• Keep nails appropriately trimmed, with veterinary or professional guidance where needed.

These adjustments can help your dog move around more confidently and reduce unnecessary strain.

Can PEMF therapy help dogs with osteoarthritis?

Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) therapy uses pulsed electromagnetic fields generated by a specialised device. It has been investigated for a variety of biological and medical applications, although the strength of evidence varies depending on the device and condition being studied.

Some owners explore PEMF as a complementary approach for dogs experiencing joint stiffness or mobility changes.

At LMentz of Pulse, I offer PEMF sessions for dogs and horses, with the aim of supporting animal comfort and wellbeing.

For a dog with osteoarthritis, PEMF may be considered alongside veterinary care, appropriate exercise, weight management and other recommended treatments.

However, it is important to be realistic about what is known:

• Evidence specifically supporting PEMF for canine osteoarthritis remains limited.
• PEMF has not been shown to reverse established joint damage.
• Results cannot be guaranteed, and responses may differ between dogs.
• PEMF should not replace veterinary diagnosis, prescribed pain relief or rehabilitation.

If you are considering PEMF for your dog, speak with your veterinarian first. They can help determine whether it is suitable for your dog’s condition and whether any device-specific precautions apply.

How can you tell if your dog is becoming more comfortable?

When managing a long-term condition such as osteoarthritis, it can be helpful to monitor changes over time rather than relying on one good or bad day.

You might record:

• How easily your dog gets up after resting.
• Whether it is walking more comfortably.
• How long it can walk before tiring.
• Whether it is more willing to play or engage with family.
• Whether it is coping better with stairs or other daily activities.
• Any changes in appetite, sleep or behaviour.

Keep in mind that improvement may be influenced by several factors, including medication, rest, exercise changes and natural variation. Keeping records can help you and your veterinarian assess whether the overall management plan is working.

If your dog’s mobility deteriorates or new symptoms appear, arrange a veterinary review.

Frequently asked questions

Can osteoarthritis in dogs be cured?

There is currently no simple cure that reverses established osteoarthritis. However, treatment and management can help many dogs remain active and comfortable.

Is osteoarthritis painful for dogs?

It can be. Osteoarthritis may cause joint pain and stiffness, although the level of discomfort varies between dogs. Some dogs hide their discomfort, so subtle changes in behaviour or movement are worth investigating.

Should dogs with osteoarthritis still go for walks?

Many dogs benefit from regular, controlled movement, but the appropriate amount depends on the individual dog. Ask your veterinarian for guidance and avoid forcing exercise when your dog is uncomfortable.

Can PEMF replace arthritis medication?

No. PEMF should not be used as a replacement for prescribed medication or veterinary treatment. Speak with your veterinarian before changing any part of your dog’s care plan.

When should I take my dog to the vet?

Arrange an examination if your dog has persistent stiffness, recurring limping, reduced mobility or changes in behaviour. Sudden inability to walk, severe pain or sudden weakness requires urgent veterinary attention.

Supporting your dog’s comfort and wellbeing

Osteoarthritis can affect a dog’s daily life, but a diagnosis does not mean your dog must stop enjoying walks, playtime and family activities. With suitable veterinary care, appropriate exercise and thoughtful adjustments at home, many dogs can maintain a good quality of life.

At LMentz of Pulse, I work with horses and dogs using PEMF as a complementary approach to animal comfort and wellbeing. If your dog has been diagnosed with osteoarthritis, speak with your veterinarian about whether PEMF may be appropriate as part of its individual care plan.

Every dog is different. The goal is to understand your dog’s needs, support comfortable movement and make informed decisions that put their wellbeing first.

Kissing spine is a condition that can affect a horse’s comfort, movement and performance. It is often discussed when a horse becomes sensitive through its back, struggles with certain movements or develops unexplained behavioural changes under saddle.

But what exactly is kissing spine, how is it diagnosed, and what can be done to help a horse living with this condition?

At LMentz of Pulse, I believe understanding the condition is an important first step in supporting a horse’s comfort and wellbeing.

What is kissing spine?

Kissing spine, medically known as overriding or impinging dorsal spinous processes, occurs when the bony projections along the top of a horse’s vertebrae sit unusually close together or touch one another.

These projections are called spinous processes. They extend upwards from the vertebrae and provide attachment points for muscles and ligaments that help support and move the back.

When the spaces between these bones become narrowed, contact and associated changes may contribute to inflammation, discomfort and restricted movement in some horses.

However, not every horse with kissing spine visible on an X-ray experiences pain. Some horses have significant-looking changes with few symptoms, while others experience considerable discomfort. Veterinary assessment is needed to determine whether the findings are likely to explain the horse’s problems.

What causes kissing spine?

There is not always one clear cause. Several factors may contribute to the development of the condition, including:

• Conformation: The shape and spacing of the vertebrae may influence how the back functions.
• Back muscle development: Weakness or poor coordination of the supporting muscles may affect how the horse carries itself.
• Training and workload: Repeated loading and the demands placed on the back may contribute to symptoms in susceptible horses.
• Saddle fit: An unsuitable saddle can cause discomfort and may contribute to altered movement, although it does not explain every case of kissing spine.
• Other musculoskeletal problems: Hindlimb lameness, pelvic discomfort or other conditions may change how a horse uses its back.

It is important not to assume that kissing spine is caused by poor riding or incorrect training alone. Every horse needs to be assessed individually.

Signs and symptoms to look for

Kissing spine can present differently from one horse to another. Some signs are physical, while others appear as changes in behaviour or performance.

Common signs may include:

• Sensitivity when being groomed or having the back touched.
• Pinning the ears, biting or threatening when being saddled.
• Reluctance to move forward under saddle.
• Bucking, rearing or other resistance during ridden work.
• Difficulty with transitions, bending or maintaining a consistent way of going.
• Reduced engagement of the hindquarters.
• Difficulty jumping or a change in jumping performance.
• Stiffness or reluctance to work in certain movements.
• Changes in behaviour that appear during riding or handling.

These signs are not unique to kissing spine. Dental pain, gastric disease, saddle discomfort, limb lameness and other conditions can produce similar behaviours.

A horse displaying these signs should not automatically be labelled naughty or difficult. Pain and discomfort should be investigated before assuming the problem is behavioural.

How is kissing spine diagnosed?

A veterinarian will usually begin with a detailed history and physical examination. Depending on the horse’s symptoms, assessment may include:

1. Back examination: Checking for sensitivity, muscle changes and restricted movement.
2. Lameness assessment: Looking for problems elsewhere in the body that may be contributing to back pain.
3. Imaging: X-rays can show the spacing and shape of the spinous processes.
4. Further investigations: Additional tests may be recommended to help determine whether the imaging findings are responsible for the horse’s symptoms.

A diagnosis should be based on the whole clinical picture, not an X-ray alone.

Treatment and management options

The right management plan depends on the severity of the symptoms, the horse’s overall health and whether other problems are present.

Veterinary treatment

Your veterinarian may recommend medication or other treatments to manage pain and inflammation. In some cases, surgery may be considered when conservative management has not provided adequate improvement.

Treatment decisions should always be made with the veterinarian responsible for the horse’s care.

Rehabilitation and exercise

A structured rehabilitation programme may help some horses improve their strength, coordination and ability to carry themselves comfortably.

Depending on the individual case, this may involve:

• Gradual rebuilding of topline and core strength.
• Controlled groundwork and carefully selected exercises.
• A progressive return to ridden work when appropriate.
• Reviewing training demands and allowing suitable recovery time.
• Addressing hindlimb lameness or other contributing problems.

Exercise should not be forced through pain. A horse’s programme needs to be appropriate for its diagnosis and stage of recovery.

Saddle fit and daily management

Having the saddle checked by a qualified professional may help identify pressure or fit issues. Workload, footing, rider balance and the horse’s general conditioning may also need review.

These adjustments do not remove the bony changes associated with kissing spine, but they may help address factors contributing to discomfort.

Can PEMF therapy help a horse with kissing spine?

Pulsed Electromagnetic Field (PEMF) therapy is a non-invasive complementary therapy that some horse owners explore as part of a broader approach to comfort and wellbeing.

At LMentz of Pulse, PEMF sessions are offered to horses and dogs. For a horse diagnosed with kissing spine, PEMF may be considered alongside appropriate veterinary care, rehabilitation and management.

It is important to understand the limitations:

• Evidence specifically supporting PEMF as a treatment for equine kissing spine is limited.
• PEMF has not been established as a way to reverse the bony changes associated with the condition.
• Results cannot be guaranteed, and a horse’s response may vary.
• PEMF should not replace veterinary diagnosis, prescribed treatment or an appropriate rehabilitation plan.

If you are considering PEMF for your horse, discuss it with your veterinarian to determine whether it is suitable for your horse’s individual circumstances.

Can a horse with kissing spine return to work?

Some horses with kissing spine can return to ridden work following appropriate treatment and rehabilitation. Others may need ongoing management or a change in workload.

The outcome depends on several factors, including the severity of the clinical problem, other injuries or conditions, the horse’s response to treatment and the demands of its intended discipline.

Returning to work should be gradual and guided by the veterinary team. Improvement in behaviour alone does not necessarily mean the underlying problem has resolved.

Frequently asked questions

Is kissing spine always painful?

No. Some horses have changes visible on X-rays without obvious clinical signs. The veterinarian needs to determine whether the findings are relevant to the horse’s symptoms.

Can kissing spine be cured?

Management can improve comfort and function in some horses, but the underlying bony changes do not simply disappear with complementary therapy. Some cases may require more intensive veterinary treatment.

Can kissing spine cause bucking?

It can be associated with bucking and resistance under saddle, but these behaviours can have many causes. Pain, saddle fit, lameness and other medical issues should be investigated.

Should I keep riding a horse diagnosed with kissing spine?

That depends on the horse’s symptoms and veterinary assessment. If the horse is painful or showing significant resistance, stop the activity that appears to cause discomfort and seek veterinary advice before continuing.

Supporting your horse’s comfort and wellbeing

Kissing spine can be challenging for owners, especially when the signs are subtle or the cause of a change in performance is unclear. An accurate diagnosis, suitable veterinary care and an individualised rehabilitation plan are key to deciding how best to help your horse.

At LMentz of Pulse, I work with horses and dogs using PEMF as a complementary approach to animal comfort and wellbeing. If your horse has been diagnosed with kissing spine, speak with your veterinarian about whether PEMF may be appropriate as part of its overall care.

Every horse is different. The priority is to understand what is causing the discomfort, support recovery safely and make decisions based on the individual horse—not just the diagnosis.

Shoulder injuries in horses can be frustrating for both owners and riders. Unlike cuts or swelling that are easy to see, injuries involving the shoulder are often hidden beneath large muscles, making them more difficult to recognise. A horse may simply seem “not quite right,” become reluctant to move forward, or develop an unexplained lameness.

Understanding how the shoulder works, the common causes of injury, and the importance of early diagnosis can help your horse recover safely and return to work with confidence.

At LMentz of Pulse, we regularly work with horses recovering from muscle strains, soft tissue injuries and lameness. While PEMF (Pulsed Electromagnetic Field) therapy is not a replacement for veterinary diagnosis or treatment, it can be used alongside a veterinary rehabilitation plan to support comfort, circulation and recovery.

Understanding the Equine Shoulder

Unlike humans, horses do not have a collarbone. Instead, the front limb is attached to the body by a network of muscles, tendons and connective tissue known as the muscular sling.

This unique design acts as a natural shock absorber, allowing the shoulder to absorb the enormous forces created during walking, trotting, cantering and jumping.

Because the shoulder relies heavily on muscles rather than bones, soft tissue injuries are more common than fractures.

Common Causes of Shoulder Injuries

Shoulder injuries can happen suddenly or develop gradually over time.

Common causes include:

• Slipping in the paddock or arena
• Falls
• Kicks from another horse
• Jumping accidents
• Overuse during training
• Poor conditioning
• Compensation from another injury
• Awkward movements while playing or working

Sometimes the shoulder itself isn’t the original problem. Horses often compensate for pain elsewhere in the body, placing extra strain on the shoulder muscles.

Signs Your Horse May Have a Shoulder Injury

Not every horse will show obvious lameness.

Some common signs include:

• Shortened stride in one front leg
• Difficulty extending the leg forward
• Toe dragging
• Reluctance to move downhill
• Poor performance
• Stiffness when first moving
• Resistance under saddle
• Muscle soreness around the shoulder
• Swelling or heat (in some cases)

Because these signs can also occur with hoof, tendon or joint problems, it’s important to have your horse examined by a veterinarian.

Diagnosing the Problem

Your veterinarian will usually perform a thorough lameness examination before deciding whether the shoulder is the source of the problem.

Depending on the findings, they may recommend:

• A physical examination
• Flexion tests
• Ultrasound
• X-rays
• Diagnostic nerve blocks
• Advanced imaging if required

Accurate diagnosis is essential because treatment will vary depending on the type of injury.

Treatment and Recovery

Treatment depends on the severity of the injury.

It may include:

• Rest
• Anti-inflammatory medication
• Controlled exercise
• Physiotherapy
• Massage
• Stretching exercises
• A gradual return-to-work program

While it can be tempting to return a horse to full work once they appear sound, soft tissue injuries often take longer to heal than the lameness suggests. Returning to exercise too quickly can increase the risk of re-injury.

How PEMF Therapy May Help

PEMF therapy does not repair torn muscles or replace veterinary treatment, but it may play a supportive role during rehabilitation.

Potential benefits include:

• Supporting healthy circulation
• Encouraging normal cellular function
• Helping reduce muscle tension
• Supporting comfort
• Assisting the body’s natural healing processes

Because shoulder injuries often lead to compensation throughout the neck, back and opposite forelimb, treating the whole horse is often just as important as focusing on the injured area.

At LMentz of Pulse, each session is tailored to the individual horse and their stage of recovery. We work alongside your veterinarian to provide complementary support throughout rehabilitation.

Preventing Shoulder Injuries

While accidents can’t always be avoided, you can help reduce the risk by:

• Maintaining good overall fitness
• Warming up before exercise
• Increasing workloads gradually
• Ensuring regular saddle fit checks
• Addressing minor lameness early
• Providing appropriate footing during training

Strong, balanced muscles help support healthy movement and reduce the likelihood of injury.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can horses recover from shoulder injuries?

Yes. Many horses recover well with prompt diagnosis, appropriate treatment and a carefully managed rehabilitation program.

Can I ride my horse if I think they have a shoulder injury?

No. If your horse shows signs of lameness or shoulder pain, stop riding and seek veterinary advice. Continuing to work an injured horse may worsen the damage.

How long does recovery take?

Recovery varies depending on the injury. Mild muscle strains may improve within weeks, while more significant soft tissue injuries can require several months of rehabilitation.

Can PEMF replace veterinary treatment?

No. PEMF is a complementary therapy and should always be used alongside veterinary diagnosis and treatment, not as a replacement.

Final Thoughts

Shoulder injuries can be challenging because they are often difficult to identify and may mimic other causes of lameness. Early veterinary assessment is the key to determining the underlying problem and creating an appropriate treatment plan.

With patience, careful rehabilitation and ongoing support, many horses return to comfortable movement and their previous level of work.

At LMentz of Pulse, we are passionate about supporting horses through every stage of recovery. Our gentle, non-invasive PEMF therapy may help promote comfort, muscle relaxation and healthy circulation as part of a veterinary-guided rehabilitation program, giving your horse the best possible support on their journey back to soundness.

As our dogs grow older, it’s common to notice small changes in the way they move. They may take a little longer to get up after a nap, hesitate before jumping into the car, or seem stiffer on cold mornings. While these signs are often put down to “old age,” they can sometimes be caused by a condition called spondylosis.

Spondylosis is a common degenerative condition affecting the spine, particularly in middle-aged and senior dogs. Although many dogs with spondylosis continue to live happy and active lives, understanding the condition can help owners recognise the signs early and provide the support their dog needs.

At LMentz of Pulse, we regularly work with dogs experiencing mobility issues, arthritis, and age-related spinal changes. While PEMF (Pulsed Electromagnetic Field) therapy does not cure spondylosis or reverse the bony changes in the spine, it may be used alongside veterinary care to support comfort, mobility, and the body’s natural healing processes.

---

What Is Spondylosis?

Spondylosis, also known as spondylosis deformans, is a condition where the body forms extra bone, known as bone spurs or osteophytes, along the edges of the vertebrae.

These bone spurs develop gradually over time and are the body’s way of trying to stabilise the spine when there is wear and tear between the vertebrae.

In some dogs, the bone spurs remain small and cause no problems. In others, they grow large enough to bridge between two vertebrae, reducing flexibility and occasionally affecting nearby nerves.

Unlike IVDD, where a damaged disc presses on the spinal cord, spondylosis mainly affects the bones surrounding the spine.

---

What Causes Spondylosis?

Spondylosis is most commonly associated with ageing, but several factors can contribute to its development.

These include:

• Natural wear and tear of the spine
• Degeneration of the intervertebral discs
• Previous spinal injuries
• Repetitive strain
• Genetics
• Obesity
• Heavy physical workloads

As the discs between the vertebrae begin to lose their flexibility with age, the body responds by producing additional bone in an attempt to stabilise the affected area.

---

Which Dogs Are Most at Risk?

Any dog can develop spondylosis, but it is seen more frequently in:

• German Shepherds
• Boxers
• Labrador Retrievers
• Golden Retrievers
• Rottweilers
• Large and giant breed dogs
• Senior dogs of any breed

Some younger dogs can also develop spondylosis, particularly if they have experienced spinal trauma or have inherited a predisposition.

---

Signs of Spondylosis

Interestingly, many dogs with spondylosis show no obvious signs at all and the condition is discovered incidentally on X-rays taken for another reason.

When symptoms do occur, they may include:

• Stiffness after resting
• Difficulty getting up
• Reluctance to jump into the car or onto furniture
• Reduced willingness to exercise
• Pain when the back is touched
• A shortened stride
• Difficulty climbing stairs
• Reduced flexibility when turning
• Changes in posture
• Muscle loss along the back or hindquarters

If bone spurs begin affecting nearby nerves, some dogs may also develop weakness or changes in coordination.

---

How Is Spondylosis Diagnosed?

Your veterinarian will begin with a physical examination and discuss your dog’s history and symptoms.

To confirm the diagnosis, your veterinarian will usually recommend X-rays, which can clearly show the presence of bone spurs along the spine.

If your dog has significant neurological signs, advanced imaging such as CT or MRI may be recommended to assess the spinal cord and surrounding structures.

---

Does Spondylosis Cause Pain?

This is a question many owners ask, and the answer is: it depends.

Some dogs with extensive bone spurs appear completely comfortable, while others with relatively mild changes experience noticeable stiffness and pain.

Pain may come from:

• Inflammation around the affected joints
• Reduced spinal flexibility
• Muscle tightness
• Secondary arthritis
• Irritation of nearby nerves

Every dog is different, which is why treatment should always be tailored to the individual.

---

Treatment Options

Although spondylosis cannot be reversed, many dogs can be managed successfully with a combination of treatments.

Your veterinarian may recommend:

• Anti-inflammatory medication
• Pain relief
• Weight management
• Controlled exercise
• Physiotherapy
• Hydrotherapy
• Home strengthening exercises

The aim is to reduce discomfort, maintain mobility, and keep your dog active for as long as possible.

---

Why Exercise Is Still Important

Many owners worry that exercise will make the condition worse, but appropriate movement is one of the best ways to help dogs with spondylosis.

Regular, gentle exercise helps:

• Maintain muscle strength
• Support joint mobility
• Improve circulation
• Reduce stiffness
• Maintain a healthy body weight

Instead of one long walk, many dogs benefit from several shorter walks throughout the day.

High-impact activities, such as repeated jumping or chasing balls for extended periods, may need to be limited depending on your veterinarian’s advice.

---

How PEMF Therapy May Help

PEMF therapy does not remove bone spurs or reverse spinal degeneration, but it may provide supportive benefits as part of your dog’s overall management plan.

Potential benefits may include:

• Supporting healthy circulation
• Encouraging normal cellular activity
• Helping reduce muscle tension
• Supporting comfort
• Assisting mobility
• Promoting relaxation
• Supporting the body’s natural healing processes

Many dogs with spondylosis develop tight muscles along the back and hindquarters as they compensate for reduced spinal flexibility. By addressing these muscles, PEMF may help improve comfort and movement.

At LMentz of Pulse, every treatment is tailored to your dog’s individual needs and always complements—not replaces—your veterinarian’s recommendations.

---

Helping Your Dog at Home

Simple changes at home can make everyday life much easier for a dog with spondylosis.

Consider:

• Providing an orthopaedic bed
• Using non-slip mats on slippery floors
• Installing ramps where possible
• Keeping your dog at a healthy weight
• Avoiding unnecessary jumping
• Keeping nails trimmed for better grip
• Maintaining regular, gentle exercise

Small adjustments can make a big difference to your dog’s confidence and comfort.

---

Frequently Asked Questions

Is spondylosis the same as IVDD?

No. IVDD involves damage to the intervertebral discs that can compress the spinal cord. Spondylosis involves the formation of bone spurs along the vertebrae. Some dogs may have both conditions at the same time.

Can spondylosis be cured?

No. The bony changes cannot be reversed, but many dogs can continue to live comfortable, active lives with appropriate management.

Should my dog stop exercising?

Usually no. Controlled, low-impact exercise is often an important part of managing spondylosis. Your veterinarian can advise what level of activity is appropriate for your dog.

Can PEMF cure spondylosis?

No. PEMF cannot remove bone spurs or cure spondylosis. It may, however, support comfort, muscle relaxation, circulation, and mobility as part of a broader veterinary-led treatment plan.

---

Final Thoughts

A diagnosis of spondylosis doesn’t mean your dog’s active days are over. While the condition cannot be reversed, many dogs continue to enjoy walks, playtime, and a wonderful quality of life with the right support.

The key is recognising changes early, working closely with your veterinarian, and focusing on maintaining comfort, strength, and mobility through a combination of appropriate treatments and lifestyle management.

At LMentz of Pulse, we’re passionate about helping dogs stay as comfortable and active as possible. Our gentle, non-invasive PEMF therapy may support your dog’s mobility, muscle comfort, and overall wellbeing alongside veterinary care, helping them continue doing what they love for years to come.

If you’ve ever walked into the paddock to find your horse suddenly refusing to put weight on one leg, it’s an alarming experience. Many owners immediately fear the worst—a broken bone, tendon injury, or serious accident. However, one of the most common causes of sudden, severe lameness in horses is something much smaller: a hoof abscess.

Despite often causing dramatic pain, most hoof abscesses have an excellent prognosis when diagnosed and managed appropriately. Understanding how abscesses develop, recognising the signs early, and knowing what to expect during recovery can help your horse return to comfort as quickly as possible.

At LMentz of Pulse, we often see horses recovering from hoof abscesses. While PEMF (Pulsed Electromagnetic Field) therapy does not replace veterinary or farrier treatment and cannot drain an abscess, it may be used as a complementary therapy to support comfort, circulation, and recovery once your veterinarian or farrier has assessed the horse.

What Is a Hoof Abscess?

A hoof abscess is a localised pocket of infection trapped within the hoof.

The horse’s hoof is incredibly strong and designed to protect the sensitive structures inside. While this strength is essential, it also means that when infection develops, there is very little room for swelling. As pressure builds inside the hoof, it compresses sensitive tissues and nerves, causing significant pain.

This is why a horse with a relatively small abscess can appear extremely lame.

Once the pressure is relieved and the infection drains, many horses show a dramatic improvement in comfort within a short period.

How Does a Hoof Abscess Develop?

An abscess usually develops when bacteria gain access to the sensitive structures inside the hoof.

This may occur through:

• Small cracks in the hoof wall
• Nail holes after shoeing
• White line disease
• Sole bruising
• Puncture wounds
• Seedy toe
• Poor hoof quality
• Laminitic hoof changes

Sometimes, no obvious entry point can be identified.

Wet conditions followed by prolonged dry weather can also weaken the hoof, making it more susceptible to cracks and bacterial invasion.

Why Does an Abscess Hurt So Much?

One of the most surprising things about hoof abscesses is how painful they can be.

Unlike swelling in soft tissue, where inflammation has room to expand, swelling inside the hoof capsule has nowhere to go.

As pressure increases, it compresses nerves and sensitive tissues, resulting in intense pain.

Owners are often shocked because the horse may appear perfectly normal one day and almost unable to bear weight the next.

Common Signs of a Hoof Abscess

Every horse is different, but common signs include:

• Sudden severe lameness
• Reluctance to bear weight on one limb
• Standing with the affected foot held forward
• Increased digital pulse
• Heat in the hoof
• Pain when hoof testers are applied
• Swelling around the pastern or lower limb
• Sensitivity when turning in circles

Some horses become so lame that owners suspect a fracture.

This is why prompt veterinary assessment is important.

Diagnosing a Hoof Abscess

Your veterinarian or farrier will usually begin with a thorough examination.

This may include:

• Watching the horse walk
• Feeling for increased heat
• Checking the digital pulse
• Using hoof testers to identify painful areas
• Cleaning the hoof thoroughly

If the diagnosis isn’t immediately clear, further investigations such as X-rays may be recommended to rule out fractures, pedal bone injuries, or penetrating wounds.

How Is a Hoof Abscess Treated?

Treatment aims to relieve pressure and allow the infection to drain.

Depending on the location of the abscess, your veterinarian or farrier may carefully open the tract to encourage drainage.

Once drainage occurs, many horses become noticeably more comfortable within 24 to 48 hours.

Treatment may include:

• Opening the abscess where appropriate
• Soaking the hoof if recommended
• Poulticing the foot
• Applying protective bandages
• Keeping the hoof clean and dry
• Pain relief if prescribed
• Tetanus protection where necessary

Not every abscess should be opened aggressively. In some cases, allowing the abscess to mature naturally is the safest option.

Always follow the advice of your veterinarian or farrier.

The Recovery Process

Although many horses improve quickly after drainage, recovery isn’t always immediate.

The tissues inside the hoof still need time to heal.

Some horses remain mildly sore for several days, especially if:

• The abscess was large
• The infection tracked extensively
• A significant amount of hoof was removed
• Bruising is present

During recovery, your veterinarian may recommend:

• Limited turnout
• Clean, dry footing
• Regular bandage changes
• Gradual return to exercise

Returning to work too soon may delay healing.

Can an Abscess Burst on Its Own?

Yes.

Some abscesses eventually find their own path to the surface.

They may drain:

• Through the sole
• Around the coronary band
• Along the heel bulbs

Owners often notice sudden discharge followed by a dramatic improvement in lameness.

Even if this occurs, your horse should still be examined to ensure the tract heals properly and no further complications develop.

Complications Can Occur

Most hoof abscesses resolve without long-term problems.

However, complications may include:

• Recurrent abscesses
• Deep hoof infection
• Infection involving the pedal bone
• Chronic drainage tracts
• Hoof wall defects

Repeated abscesses may indicate an underlying problem such as poor hoof balance, white line disease or chronic bruising.

Preventing Hoof Abscesses

While not every abscess can be prevented, good hoof care significantly reduces the risk.

Important steps include:

• Regular farrier visits
• Daily hoof cleaning
• Prompt treatment of cracks
• Managing muddy paddocks where possible
• Good nutrition to support hoof quality
• Monitoring for signs of bruising
• Addressing white line disease early

Healthy hooves are your horse’s foundation.

Where Does PEMF Therapy Fit?

PEMF therapy cannot remove infection or replace proper hoof treatment.

However, once your veterinarian has diagnosed the abscess and appropriate treatment has begun, PEMF may be included as part of your horse’s recovery plan.

Potential benefits may include:

• Supporting healthy circulation
• Encouraging normal cellular activity
• Helping muscles relax as the horse resumes normal weight-bearing
• Supporting comfort during recovery
• Assisting the body’s natural healing processes

Many horses compensate for severe hoof pain by placing unusual stress on their opposite limbs, shoulders, back and hindquarters.

Even after the abscess resolves, these compensatory muscle patterns can persist.

At LMentz of Pulse, we often assess the whole horse rather than focusing solely on the affected foot. By addressing muscle tension and areas that have worked harder during the period of lameness, we aim to support a smoother return to normal movement alongside veterinary care.

When Should You Call the Veterinarian?

Contact your veterinarian promptly if your horse:

• Becomes suddenly and severely lame
• Refuses to bear weight
• Has significant swelling
• Has a puncture wound to the hoof
• Develops a fever
• Does not improve after drainage
• Continues to have recurrent abscesses

Not every severe lameness is caused by an abscess, and prompt assessment helps rule out more serious conditions.

Final Thoughts

Hoof abscesses are one of the most common causes of sudden lameness in horses, and while they can be incredibly painful, they usually have an excellent outcome with prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Good hoof care, regular farrier visits, and early recognition of the signs can all help reduce the impact of an abscess and support a quicker recovery.

At LMentz of Pulse, we understand that recovery doesn’t stop once the abscess has drained. Horses often develop muscle tension and compensatory movement patterns while protecting a painful foot. Our gentle, non-invasive PEMF therapy may help support comfort, circulation, muscle relaxation, and the body’s natural healing processes as part of your horse’s overall rehabilitation plan, always working alongside your veterinarian and farrier to help your horse return to comfortable movement.

Lameness is one of the most common reasons horse owners seek veterinary attention. Whether your horse suddenly comes in from the paddock unable to bear weight, feels “not quite right” under saddle, or gradually begins to lose performance, lameness is your horse’s way of telling you that something isn’t right.

Many owners think of lameness as simply “limping,” but the reality is far more complex. Lameness is a symptom, not a diagnosis. It can range from a subtle shortening of stride that only an experienced rider notices, to a horse that refuses to put any weight on a limb.

Understanding what lameness is, what causes it, and why early investigation is so important can make a significant difference to your horse’s recovery and long-term soundness.

At LMentz of Pulse, we regularly work with horses recovering from a wide range of injuries and conditions that cause lameness. While PEMF (Pulsed Electromagnetic Field) therapy is not a replacement for veterinary diagnosis or treatment, it may be used alongside a veterinary treatment plan to support comfort, circulation, muscle relaxation and the body’s natural healing processes during rehabilitation.

What Is Lameness?

Lameness is defined as an abnormality in a horse’s gait caused by pain, injury, weakness, or mechanical restriction.

Simply put, if something hurts or isn’t functioning normally, the horse will often change the way it moves to reduce discomfort.

Some horses become obviously lame overnight, while others slowly change the way they move over weeks or even months.

Because horses are prey animals, they are naturally inclined to hide pain. By the time many owners notice a problem, the condition may already be well established.

Why Horses Become Lame

Lameness can originate almost anywhere in the body.

Although we often associate it with the legs and feet, the source of pain may actually come from the:

• Hoof
• Tendons
• Ligaments
• Joints
• Muscles
• Shoulder
• Pelvis
• Back
• Neck
• Sacroiliac region

Compensatory movement patterns can also cause secondary soreness in other areas of the body.

For example, a horse with pain in one front foot may begin placing more weight on the opposite limb, eventually developing muscle soreness or strain elsewhere.

Acute vs Chronic Lameness

Understanding whether a lameness is acute or chronic helps determine the most appropriate treatment plan.

Acute Lameness

Acute lameness develops suddenly.

Common causes include:

• Hoof abscesses
• Stone bruises
• Tendon injuries
• Ligament injuries
• Cuts or puncture wounds
• Muscle strains
• Fractures
• Joint injuries

A horse that was sound yesterday but is suddenly severely lame today should always be assessed by a veterinarian.

Chronic Lameness

Chronic lameness develops gradually over time.

Common causes include:

• Arthritis
• Degenerative joint disease
• Poor hoof balance
• Chronic tendon injury
• Navicular syndrome
• Kissing spine
• Sacroiliac dysfunction
• Long-standing muscle compensation

Owners often notice:

• Reduced performance
• Difficulty maintaining canter leads
• Shortened stride
• Reluctance to work
• Behavioural changes
• General stiffness

Because these changes occur gradually, they are sometimes mistaken for laziness or ageing.

Signs of Lameness

Not every lame horse visibly limps.

Some of the earliest signs include:

• Shortened stride
• Reluctance to move forward
• Difficulty bending
• Uneven rhythm
• Head nodding
• Hip hike
• Dragging the toes
• Difficulty picking up a canter lead
• Reduced impulsion
• Swishing the tail
• Ear pinning during work
• Resistance to transitions
• Bucking or rearing when ridden
• Changes in behaviour

Sometimes performance is the first thing to decline long before obvious lameness develops.

Which Leg Is Lame?

One of the classic signs owners are taught is:

“Down on the sound.”

When a horse has pain in a front leg, it often raises its head when the sore leg bears weight and lowers its head when the sound leg bears weight.

However, hind limb lameness is often much harder to recognise.

Instead of a head nod, you may notice:

• One hip rising higher than the other
• Difficulty stepping underneath the body
• Shortened stride behind
• Poor engagement
• Bunny hopping at canter
• Difficulty holding one lead

Subtle lameness is often easier to detect with a veterinary examination.

Common Causes of Lameness

Hoof Problems

Many cases of severe lameness begin in the hoof.

These may include:

• Abscesses
• Stone bruises
• Laminitis
• Sole bruising
• Hoof cracks
• White line disease

Hoof pain can make a horse appear dramatically lame despite the injury sometimes being relatively small.

---

Tendon and Ligament Injuries

Soft tissue injuries commonly occur in horses involved in athletic work.

These injuries often require:

• Rest
• Controlled rehabilitation
• Veterinary monitoring
• Gradual return to exercise

Healing takes time because tendons and ligaments receive a relatively limited blood supply.

Joint Disease

Arthritis is common in both older horses and performance horses.

Inflamed joints can reduce range of motion and create ongoing discomfort.

Early management often produces better long-term outcomes.

Muscle Injuries

Muscles work incredibly hard every time a horse moves.

Overstretching, slips, falls or repetitive strain can result in:

• Muscle tears
• Muscle strains
• Protective muscle spasms
• Compensation through other muscle groups

These injuries may affect performance long after the initial incident if they are not properly managed.

Shoulder Injuries

Although less common than lower limb injuries, shoulder injuries can significantly affect movement.

A horse with shoulder pain may:

• Shorten its stride
• Drag the toe
• Struggle moving downhill
• Resist extending the forelimb
• Develop muscle asymmetry

Because the shoulder contains large muscle groups rather than a collarbone like humans, injuries often involve muscles and soft tissues rather than fractures.

Diagnosing Lameness

Finding the source of lameness often requires a systematic investigation.

Your veterinarian may perform:

• A physical examination
• Observation at walk and trot
• Flexion tests
• Hoof tester examination
• Nerve blocks
• Joint blocks
• Ultrasound
• X-rays
• MRI or CT in some cases

The goal is to identify the primary cause rather than simply treating the symptoms.

Why Early Diagnosis Matters

Many horses continue working despite mild lameness.

Unfortunately, this can allow minor injuries to become major ones.

Continuing to ride a horse with an undiagnosed injury may increase inflammation, delay healing and create compensatory problems throughout the body.

Seeking veterinary advice early often improves both recovery time and long-term outcomes.

Rehabilitation Is More Than Rest

Many owners assume rest alone will solve every problem.

While rest is important, prolonged inactivity also has consequences.

Muscles weaken.

Joints become stiff.

Tendons lose strength.

Fitness declines.

For many injuries, controlled rehabilitation under veterinary guidance provides a better outcome than complete rest alone.

A rehabilitation plan may include:

• Hand walking
• Controlled ridden exercise
• Pole work
• Physiotherapy
• Stretching exercises
• Massage
• Hydrotherapy where available
• Veterinary-approved complementary therapies

Where Does PEMF Therapy Fit?

PEMF therapy is not designed to diagnose or cure the cause of lameness.

Instead, it may be used alongside veterinary treatment and rehabilitation to support the body’s natural healing processes.

Depending on the individual horse and veterinary diagnosis, PEMF may help support:

• Healthy circulation
• Normal cellular activity
• Muscle relaxation
• Comfort
• Flexibility
• Recovery following exercise
• Tissue healing as part of an overall rehabilitation program

At LMentz of Pulse, every session is tailored to the individual horse. Some horses require whole-body treatment because compensation has created muscle tightness well beyond the original injury, while others benefit from focused treatment around specific areas as recommended by their veterinarian.

Helping Your Horse Recover

Recovery isn’t just about healing injured tissue.

It’s also about rebuilding strength, confidence and correct movement.

Owners play a vital role by:

• Following veterinary advice
• Attending follow-up appointments
• Completing prescribed rehabilitation exercises
• Monitoring changes in movement
• Keeping accurate records of progress
• Returning to work gradually

Patience is often one of the most important parts of successful rehabilitation.

At LMentz of Pulse, we understand that every horse is different. Our goal is to provide gentle, non-invasive PEMF therapy that complements veterinary care by supporting comfort, muscle relaxation, circulation and the body’s natural healing processes throughout rehabilitation. Whether your horse is recovering from an injury, managing a chronic condition or simply needs help returning to work, we’re here to support both you and your horse every step of the way.

Watching your dog struggle to walk is one of the most difficult experiences any owner can face. For many families, the first signs are subtle—a slight scuffing of the back paws, occasional stumbling, or difficulty getting up after a nap. At first, it may seem like normal ageing or arthritis, but for some dogs, these changes are the beginning of a condition called Degenerative Myelopathy (DM).

Unlike an injury that heals over time, DM is a progressive disease that affects the spinal cord. While there is currently no cure, early recognition, supportive veterinary care, rehabilitation, and maintaining quality of life can make a meaningful difference.

At LMentz of Pulse, we often work with dogs experiencing mobility challenges. While PEMF (Pulsed Electromagnetic Field) therapy cannot stop or reverse Degenerative Myelopathy, it may be used as part of a veterinary-guided management plan to help support comfort, muscle function, circulation, and overall wellbeing throughout the progression of the disease.

What Is Degenerative Myelopathy?

Degenerative Myelopathy is a progressive disease that affects the white matter of the spinal cord. The white matter contains nerve pathways that allow the brain to communicate with the body, particularly the hind limbs.

As the disease progresses, these nerve pathways gradually deteriorate. This makes it increasingly difficult for the brain to send messages to the muscles, leading to weakness, poor coordination, and eventually paralysis of the hind limbs.

Unlike many spinal conditions, DM is not usually painful. This can make it confusing for owners, as their dog appears happy and willing but simply cannot make their legs work properly.

Which Breeds Are Most Commonly Affected?

Although any breed can develop DM, it is more common in:

• German Shepherds
• Boxers
• Bernese Mountain Dogs
• Rhodesian Ridgebacks
• Standard Poodles
• Wire Fox Terriers

Mixed-breed dogs can also be affected.

Early Signs of DM

The earliest signs are often so subtle that owners mistake them for arthritis or simply “slowing down.”

You may notice:

• Wearing the nails on the back feet unevenly
• Scuffing the tops of the paws
• Occasional stumbling
• Crossing the back legs while walking
• Difficulty rising
• Swaying of the hindquarters
• Loss of coordination
• Slipping on smooth floors

Many dogs still appear bright, happy, and eager to exercise despite these changes.

As the Disease Progresses

Over time, the weakness becomes more noticeable.

Owners may begin to see:

• Knuckling of the paws
• Dragging one or both hind feet
• Difficulty climbing steps
• Trouble getting into the car
• Loss of muscle mass in the hindquarters
• Frequent falls
• Difficulty balancing while urinating

Eventually, many dogs lose the ability to walk independently.

In advanced stages, the disease may also affect the front limbs and breathing muscles.

Is DM Painful?

One of the most important things to understand is that DM itself is generally not considered a painful disease.

However, dogs with DM can still develop discomfort from other causes, including:

• Arthritis
• Muscle fatigue
• Overcompensation through the front limbs
• Pressure sores if mobility becomes limited
• Secondary injuries from falls

This is why regular veterinary assessments remain essential throughout the disease.

How Is DM Diagnosed?

There is currently no single test that definitively diagnoses Degenerative Myelopathy while a dog is alive.

Instead, veterinarians often diagnose DM by:

• Taking a thorough history
• Performing a neurological examination
• Excluding other conditions that can cause similar signs

These conditions may include:

• IVDD (Intervertebral Disc Disease)
• Arthritis
• Lumbosacral disease
• Spinal tumours
• Fibrocartilaginous embolism (FCE)
• Orthopaedic injuries

Diagnostic imaging such as MRI or CT scans may be recommended to rule out other diseases.

A DNA test can identify whether a dog carries the SOD1 mutation, but it does not confirm that the dog has DM. It is one piece of information used alongside clinical signs and other diagnostic findings.

Living With Degenerative Myelopathy

Although DM cannot currently be cured, many dogs continue to enjoy life for months or even years after diagnosis with the right support.

Management focuses on maintaining:

• Mobility
• Muscle strength
• Confidence
• Independence
• Quality of life

Many owners adapt their homes by:

• Using non-slip flooring
• Installing ramps
• Providing supportive bedding
• Using harnesses to assist walking
• Preventing falls

Small changes can make everyday life much easier for both dogs and their families.

The Importance of Exercise

While strenuous activity may become difficult, gentle exercise remains incredibly important.

Regular controlled movement helps:

• Maintain muscle mass
• Improve circulation
• Preserve joint mobility
• Reduce stiffness
• Support mental wellbeing

Suitable activities may include:

• Short lead walks
• Hydrotherapy
• Physiotherapy exercises
• Cavaletti work (when appropriate)
• Balance exercises recommended by a rehabilitation professional

The goal is not to push the dog beyond its abilities but to encourage safe, consistent movement.

Rehabilitation Can Make a Difference

Veterinary rehabilitation often forms an important part of managing DM.

A rehabilitation program may include:

• Physiotherapy
• Hydrotherapy
• Massage
• Stretching
• Balance work
• Strengthening exercises
• Home exercise programs

Although rehabilitation cannot stop the disease, it may help dogs remain mobile and comfortable for longer.

Where Does PEMF Therapy Fit?

PEMF therapy is not a cure for Degenerative Myelopathy, and it does not regenerate damaged nerve tissue.

However, many owners choose to include PEMF as part of their dog’s supportive care plan.

Potential benefits may include:

• Supporting healthy circulation
• Encouraging normal cellular function
• Helping muscles relax
• Supporting joint comfort
• Assisting recovery after exercise
• Promoting overall wellbeing

As dogs rely more heavily on their front limbs and supporting muscles, maintaining muscle comfort becomes increasingly important.

At LMentz of Pulse, every session is tailored to the individual dog, their stage of disease, and their comfort level. Our goal is to complement the treatment plan recommended by your veterinarian or rehabilitation team.

Looking After the Whole Dog

Living with DM isn’t only about managing physical changes.

Mental wellbeing matters too.

Many dogs with DM remain bright, playful, and eager to spend time with their families.

Providing enrichment through:

• Food puzzles
• Gentle training
• Scent games
• Social interaction
• Short adventures

can help maintain a positive quality of life even as mobility changes.

---

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Degenerative Myelopathy the same as IVDD?

No.

IVDD involves compression of the spinal cord by damaged intervertebral discs and may require surgery.

DM is a progressive degeneration of the spinal cord itself and currently has no cure.

The two conditions can produce similar signs, which is why veterinary diagnosis is so important.

Can DM be cured?

Unfortunately, there is currently no cure.

Treatment focuses on maintaining mobility, supporting quality of life, and slowing the impact of muscle weakness through rehabilitation and supportive care.

Should my dog keep exercising?

Yes—but the exercise should be appropriate for their stage of disease and guided by your veterinarian or rehabilitation professional.

Too little exercise can lead to muscle loss, while too much may increase fatigue or the risk of falls.

Can PEMF stop Degenerative Myelopathy?

No. PEMF does not stop the disease or repair damaged spinal cord tissue. It may, however, support comfort, circulation, muscle relaxation, and overall wellbeing as part of a broader management plan.

Final Thoughts

A diagnosis of Degenerative Myelopathy can feel heartbreaking, but it doesn’t mean your dog’s quality of life disappears overnight. Many dogs continue to enjoy walks, family time, enrichment, and companionship for a significant period after diagnosis.

While there is no cure, a thoughtful management plan involving your veterinarian, rehabilitation professionals, and supportive therapies can help your dog remain as comfortable and active as possible.

At LMentz of Pulse, we understand how emotional this journey can be. Our aim is to provide gentle, non-invasive PEMF therapy that may support your dog’s comfort, mobility, and wellbeing alongside veterinary care. Every dog is different, and every treatment plan is tailored to the individual because helping them enjoy the best quality of life possible is always our priority.

Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD) is one of the most common spinal conditions seen in dogs, particularly in breeds with long backs and short legs. Hearing the words “your dog has IVDD” can be frightening, and many owners immediately worry that their dog may never walk again.

The good news is that while IVDD can range from mild to severe, many dogs can recover well with prompt veterinary treatment, appropriate rehabilitation, and careful ongoing management. Every dog’s recovery journey is different, but understanding the condition is the first step in making informed decisions for your pet.

At LMentz of Pulse, we regularly meet owners whose dogs are recovering from IVDD or living with long-term spinal changes. While PEMF (Pulsed Electromagnetic Field) therapy is not a cure for IVDD and should never replace veterinary treatment, it may be used as part of a rehabilitation program to support comfort, mobility, and the body’s natural healing processes.

What Is IVDD?

The spine is made up of a series of bones called vertebrae. Between each vertebra sits an intervertebral disc, which acts like a cushion or shock absorber. These discs allow the spine to move while protecting the spinal cord that runs through the centre of the vertebral column.

Each disc has two parts:

• A soft, jelly-like centre (nucleus pulposus)
• A tougher outer layer (annulus fibrosus)

When a disc becomes damaged, the inner material can bulge or rupture, placing pressure on the spinal cord or the nerves leaving the spinal column. This pressure causes inflammation, pain, and in some cases weakness or paralysis.

The severity depends on how much pressure is placed on the spinal cord and how quickly treatment begins.

---

Which Dogs Are Most at Risk?

IVDD can occur in almost any breed, but it is especially common in chondrodystrophic breeds—dogs that have been bred to have short legs and long backs.

Commonly affected breeds include:

• Dachshunds
• French Bulldogs
• Beagles
• Cocker Spaniels
• Shih Tzus

Larger breeds can also develop IVDD, particularly as they age.

While genetics play a significant role, factors such as obesity, poor muscle condition, age, and previous spinal injuries may also increase the risk.

Types of IVDD

Veterinarians generally describe IVDD as either Hansen Type I or Hansen Type II.

Hansen Type I

This is the form most commonly seen in Dachshunds and other chondrodystrophic breeds.

The disc suddenly ruptures, releasing disc material into the spinal canal. This often causes severe pain and can rapidly progress to weakness or paralysis.

Owners may notice their dog was perfectly normal in the morning and unable to walk by the afternoon.

Hansen Type II

This form develops more gradually.

Instead of rupturing, the disc slowly bulges over time, causing increasing pressure on the spinal cord.

Symptoms often develop over weeks or months and may initially be mistaken for arthritis or general ageing.

Signs of IVDD

The signs vary depending on which part of the spine is affected and how severe the compression is.

Common symptoms include:

• Sudden neck or back pain
• Crying out unexpectedly
• Reluctance to jump on furniture
• Difficulty climbing stairs
• Walking slowly or stiffly
• Arched back
• Muscle tremors
• Weakness in one or both hind legs
• Knuckling of the paws
• Dragging the toes
• Wobbling while walking (ataxia)
• Loss of bladder or bowel control
• Paralysis

Some dogs simply appear “not themselves” and become quiet, withdrawn, or reluctant to move because movement is painful.

When Is IVDD an Emergency?

IVDD should always be treated as a veterinary emergency if your dog:

• Suddenly cannot walk
• Has severe back or neck pain
• Is dragging one or both hind legs
• Has lost bladder control
• Cannot stand
• Has rapidly worsening weakness

The sooner veterinary treatment begins, the better the chances of recovery.

Never wait to “see if it improves” when neurological signs are present.

Conservative Management

Dogs with mild IVDD may be treated with:

• Strict crate rest
• Anti-inflammatory medication
• Pain relief
• Muscle relaxants where appropriate
• Controlled rehabilitation exercises

Strict confinement is one of the most important parts of conservative treatment. Allowing too much activity too soon can worsen the injury.

Surgery

Dogs with severe spinal cord compression or paralysis may require emergency surgery to remove the pressure from the spinal cord.

Surgery is often followed by a structured rehabilitation program to maximise recovery.

Rehabilitation After IVDD

Recovery doesn’t stop once your dog comes home.

Rehabilitation plays an important role in helping many dogs regain strength, coordination, and confidence.

A rehabilitation program may include:

• Controlled walking
• Balance exercises
• Hydrotherapy
• Physiotherapy
• Massage
• Home exercise programs
• Veterinary-approved complementary therapies such as PEMF

Recovery timelines vary considerably. Some dogs improve within weeks, while others continue making progress for many months.

How PEMF Therapy May Help

While PEMF therapy does not repair damaged discs or reverse IVDD, it may be used alongside veterinary treatment and rehabilitation to support the body’s natural healing processes.

Potential benefits may include:

• Supporting healthy circulation
• Assisting normal cellular function
• Helping reduce inflammation associated with injury
• Encouraging muscle relaxation
• Supporting comfort
• Assisting overall mobility during rehabilitation

Every dog responds differently, and treatment plans should always be tailored to the individual.

At LMentz of Pulse, sessions are adjusted to suit each dog’s condition, comfort level, and stage of recovery. We work with owners to ensure PEMF complements—not replaces—the veterinary treatment plan.

Living With a Dog That Has IVDD

Many dogs go on to live happy, fulfilling lives after an IVDD diagnosis.

Long-term management may include:

• Maintaining a healthy body weight
• Using ramps instead of stairs where possible
• Avoiding repetitive jumping on and off furniture
• Keeping muscles strong through appropriate exercise
• Attending regular veterinary check-ups
• Following rehabilitation recommendations
• Using supportive therapies where appropriate

Consistency is often the key to helping dogs remain comfortable and active.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does every dog with IVDD need surgery?

No. Many mild cases respond well to conservative treatment, while more severe cases may benefit from surgery. Your veterinarian will recommend the most appropriate option based on your dog’s condition.

Can my dog recover from paralysis?

Some dogs recover extremely well, while others may have lasting neurological deficits. Recovery depends on factors such as the severity of the injury, how quickly treatment begins, and whether deep pain sensation is present. Your veterinarian or specialist can provide the best guidance for your dog’s individual case.

Can my dog exercise again?

Many dogs return to enjoying walks and play after recovering from IVDD. Exercise usually needs to be reintroduced gradually and under veterinary guidance.

Can PEMF cure IVDD?

No. PEMF therapy does not cure IVDD or repair damaged discs. It may, however, be used as part of a broader rehabilitation program to support comfort, circulation, and recovery alongside veterinary care.

Final Thoughts

An IVDD diagnosis can feel overwhelming, but it is not the end of your dog’s story. Advances in veterinary medicine and rehabilitation mean that many dogs are able to regain mobility, adapt well, and continue enjoying a happy quality of life.

Recovery often requires patience, consistency, and a team approach involving your veterinarian, rehabilitation professionals, and you as the owner. Every small improvement is a step forward.

At LMentz of Pulse, we understand how challenging the recovery process can be. Our goal is to provide gentle, non-invasive PEMF therapy that may help support your dog’s comfort and mobility as part of a veterinary-led rehabilitation plan.

If your dog has been diagnosed with IVDD and you’re wondering whether PEMF therapy could be a suitable complementary option, we’d be happy to discuss your dog’s individual needs and work with you to support their recovery journey.